报告题目：转基因技术在植物育种上的应用

报告人：张春生 教授   美国   ArborGenLLC生物技术总监

时  间：8月12号上午9：00

地  点：生物所一楼100人会议室

 

Freeze Tolerance Improvement and Pollen Ablation in Transgenic Eucalyptus and Pine

 

Chunsheng Zhang, Ph.D.

 

报告摘要：

ABSTRACT

Eucalyptus, an ever green woody plant with excellent biomass productivity, less lignin content and short rotation time, is an ideal woody crop. However, a major limitation to the expansion of eucalyptus plantation is the relatively high frost sensitivity of some species. To increase eucalyptus freeze tolerance, Arabidopsis CBF2 cDNA under control of a cold inducible promoter was introduced into an elite eucalyptus hybrid and multiple transgenic lines were obtained.  The cold chamber tests using young eucalyptus plants revealed that 72% of the CBF2 lines had better freeze tolerance than the control plants. In the chamber tests, the control eucalyptus was killed by -7 ^oC for 24 hours while the CBF2 eucalyptus survived at -10 ^oC for 24 hours, suggesting that the CBF2 eucalyptus has 3 degree improvement than the control eucalyptus with respect to freeze tolerance.  Large-scale field tests of selected CBF2 lines at multiple locations in Southern-east of US revealed that the CBF2 eucalyptus was able to survive the winter freezing temperatures while the control eucalyptus was killed to the ground in three consecutive years.  It was observed in the fields that the CBF2 eucalyptus was able to sustain the freezing temperature of -9 ^oC, while the control eucalyptus was killed by the freezing temperature around -6 ^oC.  It was also observed that the growth rate, height, morphology of vegetative and floral organs, flowering time and flower patterns are similar between the CBF2 and control eucalyptus.  The CBF2 eucalyptus trees reached 17 meter tall with 15 centimeter  in diameter in 27 month in the field with potential of producing 13-20 dry tons/acre/year, which makes it a highly suitable and cost-effective wood source for industrial applications

 

In some cases, a high level of transgene confinement may be desirable.  To accomplish this, a pollen-specific promoter was utilized to drive a modified barnase to ablate pollen, and the resulting constructs were introduced into tobacco, eucalyptus and pine.  Multiple-years of the greenhouse tests as well as the field tests showed that 88% of transgenic lines of eucalyptus and 96% of transgenic lines of pine did not produce pollen, while other characteristics of the transgenic plants, including growth rate, height, morphology of vegetative and floral organs, flowering time and flower patterns were similar to that of the non-transformed plants.  So, this pollen ablation technology is able to completely eliminate transgene flow via pollen in tree species. 

张春生教授简介：

 

 

5406 Woodbreeze Drive

North Charleston, SC 29420

Telephone: (843)509-9996 (mobile)

Email:   cxzhang87@yahoo.com or cxzhang@arborgen.com

 

 

 

Dept. of Plant Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.

Postdoctoral Research Associate, 1998

 

Department of Plant Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH

Ph.D, Plant Molecular Genetics – December, 1997

·        Thesis: Regulation of Proline Biosynthesis in Plants Subjected to Osmotic Stress.

 

The Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China.

M.S., Biophysics – August 1985

 

Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.

B.S., Microbiology – August 1982

 

 

 

ArborGen LLC (www.arborgen.com)

Senior Research Scientist, 2003 – present; being in charge of two research projects, freeze-tolerant eucalyptus and flowering control, and one contract between ArborGen and U.S. Dept of Energy (DOE) for providing plant-expression DNA constructs (plasmids) for DOE’s researches.

 

 

Westvaco Co/MeadWestvaco Co

Research Scientist, 1999 – 2002; involved in flowering control research

 

 

Department of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ

 

Department of Plant Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH

 

 

Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA

 

 

 

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2.         Rottmann, William H.; Norris-Caneda; Kim H; Zhang; Chunsheng.  Reproductive Ablation Constructs, U.S Patent No. 7,453,025, issued on November 18, 2008. (www.uspto.gov)

 

3.                  Nehra, Narender S., Michael R. Becwar, William H. Rottmann, Leslie Pearson, Kamal Chowdhury, Shujun Chang, Dayton H. Wilde, Robert J. Kodrzycki, Chunsheng Zhang; Katrina C. Gause, Dawn W. Parks, Maud A. Hinchee.  Forest Biotechnology: Innovative Methods, Emerging Opportunities.  In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. - Plant, 41, 701-717, 2005,

 

4.         Dilkes, Brian R; Gordon-Kamm, William J; Sabelli, Paolo; Larkins, Brian A.; Lowe, Keith S; Sun, Yuejin; Zhang, Chunsheng; Liu, Yan;  Cell cycle nucleic acids, polypeptides and uses thereof.  U.S. Patent Application No. 20050010975 filed on August 27, 2004 (www.uspto.gov)

 

5.         Sun, Yuejin, Brian P. Dilkes, Chunsheng Zhang, Ricardo A. Dante, Newton P. Carneiro, Keith S. Lowe, Rudolf Jung, William J. Gordon-Kamm, and Brian A. Larkins.  Characterization of maize (Zea mays L) Wee1 and its activity in developing endosperm.  Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96, 4180-4185, 1999.

 

6.         Verma, Desh Pal S. and Chun-sheng Zhang.  Regulation of Proline and Arginine Biosynthesis in Plants.  In Plant Amino Acids: Biochemistry and Biotechnology (Bijay. K. Singh, eds.), pp 249-265, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, NY, 1999.

 

7.         Zhang, Chun-sheng, Qin Lu, and Desh Pal S. Verma.  Characterization of D¹-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase gene promoter in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana subjected to water stress.  Plant Science, 129, 81-89, 1997.

 

8.         Zhang, Chun-sheng, Qin Lu, and Desh Pal S. Verma.  Removal of feed-back inhibition of D¹-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase, a bifunctional enzyme involved in proline biosynthesis in plants.  J. Biol. Chem., 270, 20491-20496, 1995.

 

9.         Ruan, Xiaoan, Chunsheng Zhang, and Kent N. Peters.  Bradyrhizobium japonicum rhizobitoxin gene and putative enzyme function: Expression requires a translational framshift. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 90, 2641-2645, 1993.

 

10.       Zhang, Chun-sheng and Thomas C. Hollocher.  The reaction of reduced cytochrome c with nitrous oxide reductase of Wolinella succinogenes.  Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 1142, 253-261, 1993.

 

11.       Zhang, Chun-sheng, Thomas C. Hollocher, Andrew F. Kolodziej, and William H. Orme-Johnson.  Electron paramagnetic resonance observation on the cytochrome c-containing nitrous oxide reductase from Wolinella succinogenes.  J. Biol. Chem., 266, 2199-2202, 1991.